219 Comparison of Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke Definition History Differential symptoms Face Skin Temperature (core) Pulse Respiration Muscles Eyes Blood pressure Other Treatment Prevention Acute reaction to heat exposure (fatigue, weakness, and collapse) Exposure to heat Pale, cool, moist Cool, clammy, with much sweating Slight rise or subnormal (103ºF) Weak, thready, rapid Shallow, quiet Tense, contracted Pupils normal, eyeballs possibly soft Orthostatic hypotension Headache, dizziness, syncope Movement to cool place, maintenance of body warmth Lying-down position with feet elevated Maintenance of loose clothing Administration of fluids/Gatorade Acute and dangerous reaction to heat expo- sure (extremely high body temperature and disturbance of the sweating mechanism) Medical emergency Exposure to extreme heat Red, dry, hot Hot, dry, sweating High (104ºF–110ºF) Rapid Dyspneic, sonorous Tense, possibly convulsive Pupils dilated but equal Frank hypotension Confusion, stupor, delirium, seizures, coma Movement to cool place and arrange for immediate transport to hospital Lying-down position with head elevated Removal of clothing, application of hy- pothermia blanket or cool spray mist Body temperature reduction by cool water immersion, fans, and cool wet sheets (for evaporation) Body and extremity massage Convulsion control Monitoring of vital signs and urine output Nothing by mouth, initiation of IV Acclimation to hot environments by wearing light, loose-fitting clothing, increasing intake of fluids, taking frequent rest breaks in the shade, and knowing and acting on symptoms